January 08, 2021
Bone marrow stem cells age prematurely and fail
In an embryo, where tissue is still in the formative stage, telomerase is
expressed by practically every cell. Although the results of the study suggest
that drugs can be used to reverse one of the biological drivers of ageing, it is
not yet clear whether the benefits of treatment would surpass the risks in
healthy people. After this period, only cells that are constantly dividing, such
as hematopoietic (blood-forming) stem cells, which can differentiate into a
variety of specialised cells, continue to produce telomerase..A new study has
found that sex hormones can reverse ageing by stimulating production of an
enzyme naturally found in the human organism, Telomerase, which is the closest
of all known substances to a " A new study has found that sex hormones can
reverse ageing by stimulating production of an enzyme naturally found in the
human organism, Telomerase, which is the closest of all known substances to a
"cellular elixir of youth.
"Bone marrow stem cells age prematurely and fail to
produce enough red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets, making the
patient dependent China Automotive
molds on blood transfusions and more susceptible to infections. "Each time a
cell divides, its telomeres get shorter.However, telomerase can keep the length
of telomeres intact, even after cell division.†Some cells avoid ageing by using
telomerase to lengthen their telomeres through the addition of DNA sequences,
thereby maintaining their capacity to multiply and "stay young.†In practice, he
added, telomere length is a laboratory measure of a cell’s "age. Instead of
oestrogen, the researchers treated the patients with androgen, he explained,
because it has long been used as a drug in cases of congenital anaemia and
offers the advantage of stimulating an increase in the mass of haemoglobin (red
blood cells), which oestrogen cannot do. "Aplastic anaemia is one of the
diseases that can be caused by telomerase deficiency,†Calado said. "One of the
processes associated with ageing is progressive shortening of telomeres,
DNA-protecting structures at the ends of chromosomes, like the plastic tips on
shoelaces,†said Rodrigo Calado of the University of Sao Paulo.
The authors said
that the results suggest that the approach can combat the damage caused to the
organism by telomerase deficiency.†"The study we’ve just published was designed
to find out whether the effect we’d observed in the lab also occurred in humans,
and the results indicate that it does,†Calado noted.†The strategy was tested
in patients with genetic diseases associated with mutations in the gene that
codes for telomerase, such as aplastic anaemia and pulmonary fibrosis.
Eventually, the cell can’t replicate anymore and dies or becomes senescent
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